Isiqalile iyachaphazeleka iTurkey ngokwenzeka e-Afghanistan
Seziyaqala ukukhuphuka izibalo zabathutheleka eTurkey ababalekela ukuhlala ngaphansi kobuholi beqembu lophuma silwe iTaliban e-Afghanistan. Lokhu kulandela ukuthi i-United States of America (USA) kanye nenhlangano i-North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) sebeqalile ukuhoxisa amasosha abo kulelilizwe abesehlale iminyaka engaphezu kwengama-20.
Ekuqaleni kwalelisonto iMeya yasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeTurkey edolobheni iBolu uMnu uTanju Ozcan imemezela izinhlelo zokukhokhisa bonke abasuka e-Afghanistan imali ephindwe kashumi ngezinsizakalo zamanzi nemfucuza. Lesisimemezelo sishayelwe ihlombe ngabaningi eTurkey okuvele sekucaca ukuthi abeneme ngokuthutheleka kwabase-Afghanistan ezweni labo.
Lemeya evela kwiqembu eliphikisayo iRepublican People’s Party (CHP), kamuva yakwenza kwacaca ukuthi yibaphi abantu bakwamanye amazwe ayekhuluma ngabo abangababaleki ubakhona kwabo okwenze iTurkey yaba ikhaya lababaleki abaningi emhlabeni.
Egcizelela inkulumo yakhe, uMnu u-Ozcan ukhiphe isitatimende esithi; “Lo moya wokungenisa izihambi uthathe isikhathi eside kakhulu. ITurkey isiphenduke indawo yokulahla abafuduki”. I-CHP ithe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yaziqhelelanisa namazwi aleMeya waphinde yavuna abashushisi abathembise ukuqala uphenyo ngokusetshenziswa kwamazwi anenzondo.
Ngenkathi ukuzibophezela kweTurkey ngokubhacisa ababaleki kudonsa udumo lwaseNtshonalanga, ikakhulukazi emazweni ase-Europe, olwaluvikelwe yisivumelwano sokunikeza ikhaya ababaleki ngowezi-2016 ne-European Union (EU), ubutha kubantu bokufika eTurkey buvame ukuvela, kwesinye isikhathi bugqame ngokuqubuka kodlame.
Emasontweni adlule, abezindaba baseTurkey bakhombise izithombe zamakhulu ikakhulukazi ezinsizwa ezilandela izindlela zezintaba ezinqamula umngcele we-Iran zingena empumalanga yeTurkey. Abaningi bathi ukuphuma kwabo kugqugquzelwe wukusondela kwamaTaliban njengoba i-USA ihoxisa amasosha ayo e-Afghanistan ngemuva kweminyaka engama-20.
Laba bantu abasanda kufika babonakala sengathi bavuselele imizwa yokulwa yenzondo kwabokufika eTurkey njengoba ezinkundleni zokuxhumana ihamba phambili eyokuxoshwa kwezifikanamthwalo kulelilizwe. Ngokusho kwenhlangano yababaleki ye-United Nations (UN) i- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), ababaleki abangaba yizigidi ezine, ikakhulukazi abaseSyria, njengamanje bahlala eTurkey.
Abantu abalinganiselwa kwabangama-200 000 base-Afghanistan bakha iqembu lesibili ngobukhulu kulelizwe. I-UNHCR ithi bacishe babe ngama-300 000 abantu abasele dengwane ngaphakathi e-Afghanistan kusukela ngoMasingana, okwenza isibalo sabantu abaphoqeleke ukubaleka emakhaya baba yizigidi ezintathu nengxenye.
UNkk uSelin Unal, okhulumela lenhlangano e-Turkey, uthe akakaze abone bantu abafika emazweni angomakhelwane kusukela ngoNhlaba kodwa ubeqapha ukuthuthwa kwabantu.
Kepha uMengameli weSikhungo Sokucwaninga esizinze e-Ankara uMnu uMetin Corabatir, mayelana nokukhoseliswa nokufuduka, uthe kube nokwanda kokuwela esifundazweni iVan, esisemngceleni wase-Iran.
Uqhubeke wathi; “Njengoba kungudaba lwezepolitiki kakhulu, kufanele siphathe izimangalo kwabezindaba ngokuqapha okuthile kodwa ngokwemithombo yethu yendawo, nakanjani kukhona ukwanda, ukwanda okubonakalayo kwabafuduki eVan.”
Ngasekuqaleni kwenyanga, ihhovisi likaMnu uVan Governor lathi abantu abangaphezu kwangama-27 000, hhayi ukuthi bonke ngabase-Afghanistan, babanjwa bewela umngcele selokhu kuqale unyaka.
Khonamanjalo, uMnu-Ali Hekmat, ongumsunguli we-Afghan Refugee Solidarity Association ezinze eKayseri, maphakathi neTurkey, uthe abaningi abasanda kufika ngabantu abebesebenzela uhulumeni waseKabul noma izinhlangano zakwamanye amazwe futhi kuningi abakwesabayo ngokuphatha kweTaliban.
Abafuduki base-Afghanistan bavame ukufika eTurkey baye emadolobheni amakhulu anjenge-Istanbul, i-Ankara ne-Izmir, lapho bengasebenza khona emnothweni ompunga ukuze bathole imali yokufika e-Europe. NgoLwesithathu, abakwaTurkey Coast Guard bathe bamise isikebhe ebesithwele abokufika abangaphezu kwama-200 base-Afghanistan okukholakala ukuthi babheke e-Italy.
Kunokwesaba ukuthi amanani amakhulu abase-Afghanistan eTurkey angafaka ingcindezi esivumelwaneni salelilizwe ne-EU sokuvimbela abokufika abangena e-Europe.
Kwakungukungena kwababaleki abangaphezu kwesigidi kumazwe angaphansi kwe-European Union ngowezi-2015 okwasongela ikusasa lalenhlangano kwashiya amazwe angamalungu ebanga ukuthi azobhekana kanjani nokuthutheleka kwabokufika.
Lokhu kwaholela esivumelwaneni sokufuduka phakathi kweTurkey nalenhlangano ngonyaka olandelayo. Ngaphansi kwesivumelwano sangowezi-2016, iTurkey yavuma ukunqanda ukugeleza kwabafuduki beya kumazwe angaphansi kwalenhlangano ngenzuzo yokuthola imali kanye nama-Euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyisithupha ukusiza abaseSyria.
Yize siphumelele ekwehliseni kakhulu inani labantu abafinyelela e-Europe, isivumelwano sehlulekile ukuzuzisa iTurkey ngezindlela ebezicatshangwe ekuqaleni. Izifungo zokubhebhethekisa izingxoxo zokungena e-EU zaseTurkey nokunikeza uhambo olungena-Visa kwabaseTurkey azange zenzeke. Kepha isivumelwano sihlala siyindlela ekhethwayo kubaholi base-Europe.
UMongameli weKhomishini yase-Europe uNkk u-Ursula von der Leyen wathi ngesikhathi evakashele e-Turkey ngoMbasa wathi isivumelwano sisasebenza futhi silethe imiphumela emihle
