INingizimu Afrika iselifusi kwezomnotho
Udaba olusematheni lomhlaba lubhekwe nangamehlo okhozi izinhlangano ezahlulela umnotho wamazwe
INingizimu Afrika isenhlukanandlela mayelana nokusimamisa, ukwakha kanye nokukhulisa umnotho wayo. Kuzona zonke izingxenye zomnotho ezaziwayo, ayikho kulesi sikhathi engundabamlonyeni njengeyezomhlaba okuyilapho kuvela khona cishe yonke into esetshenziswayo. Uma kukhulunywa ngomhlaba abantu bacabanga bagcine lapho amehlo evame ukufinyelela khona, okuyizinto ezifana nezitshalo nje kuphela. Umhlaba ulinoni lapho wonke umuntu esuke ebheke ukuthi makakwazi ukuphila khona. Kanti futhi umhlaba unezinto eziningi ezenza wonke umuntu ukuthi makaphile, kuphela kuya ngokuthi iso lalowo nalowo muntu obukayo lihamba lifinyelele kuphi.
Enkulumweni ayethula eyokotha Ongangezwe Lakhe ngoMasingana nonyaka, lowo osanda kuqeda izinsuku ezilikhulu ethathile esikhundleni sokuba uMengameli wezwe, uMnu uRamaphosa wakubeka kwacaca bha ukuthi ufisa ukuletha intuthuko yezomnotho eyolethela bonke abantu baseNingizimu Afrika inhlalakahle, namathuba angcono okuphila.
Okwaqapheleka kuleyo nkulumo kwaba ngamazwi athi, uzokwenza iNingizimu Afrika iphenduke insimu yase-Eden kuhle kweyaseBhayibhelini. Lapha lo mholi wayegcizelela lapho ukuthi kuyobe kutshalwa, kusetshenzwa ngayo yonke indlela ekuthuthukiseni izwe, ukuveza amakhono namathuba amasha omnotho azodala imisebenzi ngobuningi. La mazwi ahlabahlose kangaka abehambisana ikakhulukazi nokulinywa komhlaba.
Akukho ukungabaza ukuthi ubuholi bepolitiki eNingizimu Afrika ngaphansi kukaRamaphosa bunezinhlelo nezifiso ezinhle ngomhlaba. Umbuzo omkhulu othi ingabe imigomo ehambisanayo nokukhulunywayo izokwazi yini ukweseka lezifiso. Ngokocwaningo olwenziwa uMnyango Wezemvelo Kazwelonke, amaphesenti angama-80 omhlaba waseNingizimu Africa asetshenziselwa ezolimo, yize amaphesenti alishumi nanye kuphela kuyiwona alungele ukutshwalwa, angama-69 alawa alungele ukusetshenziselwa imfuyo. Kanjalo, izindawo azifani ngokwehlukahlukana.
Njengamanje izinkulumo ngomhlaba sezifinyelele kwelinye izinga njengoba sekukhona neKomiti lePhalamende elizokwelusa ukuchitshiyelwa koMthethosisekelo iSigaba 25.
Yize izwe selibonakala likulungele ngokwenqubomgomo ukubhekana nodaba lomhlaba nokuyinto ebiyiva iminyaka engama-24, sezikhona nezimpawu zokuthi lokho okuyizifiso kusenokungenzeki.
Phakathi kwezinto okubonakala zingaba yizithiyo wudaba lomnotho wezwe, nongabukwa nje kuphela ngabanikazi bawo kepha kukhona nabanye abawubheke ngabovu kwazise bangabatshalizimali.
Inkulumo eyenziwe yiSekela Mengameli uMhlonihswa uMabuza ePhalamende kuleli sonto ibe ngubufakazi bokuthi uHulumeni kaRamaphosa ngaphezu kokubuyisa umhlaba kubantu ulugadile nodaba lomnotho, ukuthi ngeke usuke ngesivinini ungakabi neziqinisekiso ezithile nxa kukhulunywa ngomnotho. Yikho usuqhamuka nezinto ezingahunyushwa ngokuthi yizaba ngabanye njengokuthi ngeke umhlaba wabiwe ngendlela ezophazamisa ukukhiqizwa kokudla. Le nkulumo nje iyodwa iphendula umbuzo ongabuzwanga kepha omqoka. Umqoka kulabo abasaphethe umhlaba manje nokuyibo abakhiqiza ukudla kepha umqoka nakubatshalizimali okumele ngokukaHulumeni bangabi nongabazane.
URamaphosa ukwamukele ukuthi ukuze athole umnotho awufunayo komele alungise ulimi lwenqubomgomo kaHulumeni wakhe. Angathi nje kuzothathwa umhlaba ngaphandle kwesinxephezelo kugcine lapho, kepha afake nezinye iziqinisekiso, kubelungu kuleli nakubatshalizimali ngaphandle.
Umgoga onganakekile
Yize zidida imibala izinhlangano ezifaka umnotho wamazwe esilinganisweni zibukeka zizongena zithi shi kupolitiki yezomnotho yakuleli. Lokhu kucace bha embikweni wabo wakwamuva. IStandard & Poor iqinisekise izinga lokukweleta langaphakathi leNingizimu Afrika ukuthi lisezingeni uBB+, elangaphandle libe ngu“BB”. Izinga lokukweleta, ngokukaMoody, leNingizimu Afrika ligcine kuBaa3 okubukeka kunozinzo. Kanti ngokweFitch izinga lokukweleta leNingizimu Afrika ligcine likuBB+ okwakubukeka kunozinzo. Ngokujwayelekile, isimo sokukweleta sisetshenziswa izikhwama zomnotho zombuso, izikhwama zezimpesheni, kanye nabanye abatshalizimali ukulinganisa umnotho wezwe okuba nomthelela omkhulu ezindlekweni zokubuleka kwezwe.
Kwabaningi emabhizinisini lesi yisithombe esithembisayo kepha esingaba ngumgoga. Bakhona abangasebenzisa ukwesaba kukaHulumeni ukubuyela kuvobe ukunqinda uguquko ebunikazini bomhlaba.
Abahlaziyi bakwaNKC Economics bathi isinqumo seS&P sasihambisana nalokho okulindelwe yizimakethe. Nokho iNingizimu Afrika isabhekene “nezinselelo ezinqala” futhi kuningi akusadinga ukwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba izinga elingaphansi kokutshala izimali lithuthukele ngaphezulu. “Ukukhula komnotho nokuthuthuka kwemiphumela yezezimali kuyadingeka ukuze kube khona ukwenyukela ezingeni elithe thuthu,” kusho iNKC.
“IS&P izoba nehlo lokhozi ekuthuthukeni okuphathelene nenkulumompikiswano yokubuyiswa komhlaba futhi imiphumela emihle izoba ngemqoka kakhulu ekubekweni ezingeni thizeni.
“Yize uRamaphosa enze kahle kokuningi ezinsukwini zokuqala ezili-100 njengoMengameli, umfutho kudingeka ungadambi futhi kuningi okusadinga ukwenziwa.
“Umthelela weminyaka yokungalawuli ngendlela ezomnotho ngeke uguqulwe esikhathini esifushane futhi inselelo yezezimali zezwe iyohlala iyingcindezi eminyakeni eminingi ezayo.”