Amamishinali agibela ngamaXhosa ukuqonela aboHlanga


Iqhubeka kushicilelo olwedlule: Leli bhuku, iThe Founders: The Origins of the ANC and the Struggle for Democracy, lika-Andre Odendaal, liveza kabanzi ukuqonelwa, ubumishini, impucuzeko, imfundo, ubuKhrestu ngesiyikona singaboHlanga njengamanje, ukuthi kwafakwa kuqala ngesihluku eNtshonalanga naseMpumalanga Kapa ngenkathi iKapa isabizwa Cape Colony, ingakahlukaniswa.
Kuyaqhubeka ekhasini lesi-9,ukuthi: Ubuqonelo nokunqotshwa kwama-Afrika, kwaletha izinguquko ezingqala, emiphakathini yama-Afrika,eyayakhe eAfrika eseNingizimu.Kwaba nomthelela kwezomnotho,kwezamasiko,kanye nakwizindlela zabo zokucabanga ngempilo.
Ingxenye yendima eyayibalulekile kwinhlelonsebenzo yokufaka, yokuguqula,nokusungula kwazo amabandla nezikole,kwenziwa yizinhlangano zezimishini zobuKhrestu base-Europe
Zaziqaqele zonke izindawo zama-Afrika, kwabasengathi kwakuyisemakhaya amaNgisi (ase-Europe). Izimishini zazingamazwe ayakhe ezindaweni zabanye,ukuqonela ama-Afrika ezweni lawo. Izimishini zaba umsuka wokungenisa kobuqonelo kwaye kwenabela kuyoyonke iAfrika, zaqalisa nemiqondonto emisha.
Ukwakha kuzo zonke izindawo zasemakhaya, izimishini zazikuthatha njengegxathu lokuletha ukukhanya kobuKhrestu nempucuzeko kubahedeni namaqaba (nababenqaba ubuKhrestu nempucuzeko). Kwaqalwa ngeMpumalanga Kapa ukutshalwa kwezimishini zobuKhrestu nokwamukelwa nakwezinye izindawo e-Afrika eseningizimu. Yakhombisa ngazo zonke izindlela iMpumalanga Kapa, umsebenzi wasemishini nokuyilapho owaqala khona. Ukuphenduka nokwamukela ubuKhrestu kwaba yisibonakaliso sokwakuzokwenzeka kwezinye izindawo e-Afrika eseningizimu, okwakungukufundisa mayelana nemisebenzi yobumishini.
Imisebenzi yaqhutshwa phambili yisigejana sabeLondon Missionary Society ngowe-1816. Kwakuhlanganise uJames Read omdala, uJoseph Williams, uDyani Tshathu, kube ngamaKhoikhoi ayengamaKhrestu ngaphambilini, kwasungulwa izindawo zezimishini ezweni lamaXhosa, lapho osekubizwa Fort Beaufort.
UDyani wabangumKhrestu wokuqala emaXhoseni ukuhlala nabase-Europe, efundiswa ukufunda nokubhala, wayeyindodana yeKumkani uKotu Tshatshu wamaNtinde, ehlala ePort Elizabeth, osekubizwa ngeGqeberha nokunomdlalo kuthelevishini obizwa Gqeberha. Wayefunde ezikoleni zasezimishini iBethelsdorp uDyani, Walenza isiko lokwaluka kanye nesiko lezindlela zase-Europe. Wasiza abezimishini ekusabalaliseni ubuKhrestu, egqoke isudi yokuzisikela noma yokuzikalela, mhlalu-01 kuMbasa we-1816.
Ekhasini le-10, kuvela ukuthi, uTshatshu neKumkani uMakhanda Nxele bashumayela phambi kwabantu abayi-1000 mhla zingama-21kuMbasa kowe-1816. Ayelihlonipha ivangeli amaKhosi uNdlambe, ubaba kaDyani uTshatshu, uKama wesizwe amaGqunukhwebe. La Makhosi amema abezimishini ukuba bakhe kwesikaNdlambe noNtinda nakwesikaNgqika ngasemfuleni iKat, okuyi Fort Beaufort.
UNtsikana wayengumeluleki kaNgqika, owaba nabalandeli benkolo kodwa ababenza ngeyabo indlela yobuKhrestu ngokwaboHlanga, eyayingancikile kweyezimishini. Wayemngumqambi wamaculo okholo, amanye umyalezo wawubalulekile kuma-Afrika. Elinye lawo lithi: Ulo Thixo omkhulu ngasezulwini ngesiLungu bathi: He, the great God in Heaven.
Iculo,Ulo Thixo omkhulu ngasezulwini, elaqanjwa nguNtsikana, laliculwa nasemibuthanweni ye-ANC. Wayengumthombo nomsuka aboHlanga ekwamukeleni ubuKhrestu nezindlela ezintsha nemicabangonto ngokwaboHlanga bamaXhosa. Wayengalilaxazile isikompilonhlalo elihle lamaXhosa.
Kwanda ukuzihlanganisa kwamaXhosa nobuKhrestu yize kwakunongabazane nokungacaci,sanda isibalo sama-Afrika ayengamaKhrestu, elandela ezinyaweni zikaDyani Tshatshu. Iqhaza uDyani alibamba, lenza uNtsikana nabalandeli bakhe baqhubeke nokulandela inkolo yabo entsha.
Ekhasini le-11,kuvela ukuthi ngaphambi kokuba uDyani ashone ngowe-1821, wanxusa amaXhosa ukuba ayozinza ezindaweni ezintsha zasezimishini, ezazakhiwe nguMfundisi uJohn Brownlee webandla iGlasgow Missionary Society eTyhune ngowe-1820.
Ukuhlangana kwabalandeli bakaNtsikana lapho okwakubizwa ngeLovedale,kwaveza uchungechunge lwamaKhrestu ayeyizinjulamcabango nezishabasheki,ezazisondele ebukhosini bukaNgqika, ngeminyaka elandelayo okwaba nomthelela kupolitiki kanjalo ngokwenkolo eCape,owavelela kwakunguTiyo Soga.
Amadodana nabazukulu bakaNtsikana, kaMakhanda iKumkani uKama,babangabaholi ngokwesigaba esisha senqubomthetho eyayisekelwe yipolitiki, eyaqhamuka ngesigaba sesibili sengxenye ekhulwininyaka le-19. Kwaqanjwa inhlangano iMbumba yaBamnyama, yaba ngeyokuqala yohlobo lwenhlangano e-Afrika eseningizimu ngowe-1882. Yayicaphuna izintshumayelo zikaNtsikana, ukuthi aboHlanga ababemunye, ababeyimbumba, uNtsikana wayethathwa njengomkhuthazi.