UMoses Mabhida: Usozinyunyana olethele leli izingunquko ezimqoka
INkosi u-Albert John Luthuli, yaba ngumuntu wokuqala e-Afrika ukunikwa indondo ehlonishwayo emhlabeni jikelele, iNoble Peace Prize, ngonyaka we-1960. Ngesikhathi ifika e-Oslo, eNorway, izokwamukela le ndondo, kwakuphume nesinedolo, abantu bezobona lomAfrika ovele. Indondo uLuthuli wayamukela ngowe-1961 ngoba amaBhunu ayengafuni ukumdedela ahambe ayoyamukela. Esekhuluma nabezindaba uMadlanduna, kukhona nabaholi abehlukene bamazwe omhlaba, wabuzwa ukuthi njengoba yena engumKhrestu, yini inhlangano ayiholayo i-African National Congress (ANC) idle ndawonye futhi isebenzisane namaKhomanisi. INkosi uLuthuli yavele yanikina ikhanda yathi, labo bantu (amaKhomanisi) bathembeke kakhulu, angeke iKhomanisi likulahle, angeke uhambe nalo lijike endleleni ningakafiki lapho niya khona. Wathi angeke uhlale ebumnyameni neKhomanisi bese liyanyamalala kungakakhanyi. Le mpendulo kaMadlanduna yavula amehlo abaningi, baqala babona ukuthi isizathu esenza i-ANC neSouth African Communist Party (SACP) basebenzisane, ngukuthi bayethembana, nokuthi isitha sabo sisodwa ubandlululo, oludala ububha, ubuhlwempu nedlala.
Kwafika isithombe sikaMnu uMoses Mncane kaS’timela Mabhida, kwabanye, owayengumholi we-ANC, iSACP, umholi wezinyunyana, noMkhuzi woMkhonto Wesizwe (uphiko lwezempi lwe-ANC). Ukuzalelwa emndenini ohlwempu kukaMabhida, yikhona okwamholela ekutheni azibandakanye nomzabalazo wenkululeko. Uzalelwe eThornville, esifundeni uMgungundlovu, zili-11 kuMfumfu ngowe-1923. UMabhida wayengumZulu phaqa, (abakwaMabhida ngabaseMbo, baphuma KwaMkhize, Usengundabamlonyeni isibongo), unina wayengowakwaPhakathi. Ukhuliswe nguMnu uHarry “Mntomdala” Gwala ngokwepolitiki wamfundisa nasesikoleni. NguGwala owagqugquzela uMabhida ukuthi azimbandakanye nezinyunyana ngoba izisebenzi yizona ezicindezelwe futhi ezixhashazwa kalula ngabaqashi. UMabhida wajoyina iSACP ngowe-1942, vele eseyilungu le-ANC ngalowo nyaka. Kusukela ngowe-1952 uMabhida waba ngumgqugquzeli wezinyunyana ezingaphansi kweSouth African Congress of Trade Unions (SACTU) ngokugcwele evela kuSouth African Railway and Habour Unions. Wakhethwa waba yiSekela likaMengameli weSACTU kuzwelonke, ngowe-1955. Kwenzeka konke lokhu nje, uncelisa amawele umfo kaS’timela ngoba wayenguNobhala wegatsha le-ANC eMgungundlovu. Ubuholi obuphezulu bukaKhongolose buwabonile amagalelo kaMabhida ngoba ukhethelwe esigungwini esiphezulu senhlangano ngowe-1956. UNdunankulu waseNingizimu Afrika, uDkt uHendrick F Verwoed, uvale umlomo i-ANC nePan Africanist Congress (PAC) ngemuva kwesibhicongo saseSharpeville sangowe-1960. OMabhida kwadingeka ukuba basebenze umshoshaphansi ngoba kwase kuyicala ukuba yilungu nokusebenzela i-ANC. ISACTU yamxusa uMabhida ukuthi ayoyimela ePrague, kuWorld Federation of Trade Unions, njengoba yayisivalwe umlomo nayo.
I-ANC ibe nengqungquthela eLobatse, ngonyaka we-1962. Kulapho-ke uMnu u-Oliver Reginald Tambo, acela khona uMabhida ukuthi asebenzele uMkhonto Wesizwe ngokugcwele. Uhambile umfo kaS’timela wayoqeqeshwa eRussia nasemazweni amaningi asempumalanga ngokwezempi nakwezobunholi. Ubuyile waba sezinkanjini zeMK efundisa ipolitiki (Political Commissar). Zenyukile kuMabhida waba nguMkhuzi (Commander) weMK. UMnu uSihle Mbongwa (ongasekho) wakwa-M KwaMashu, eThekwini, usebenze kakhulu noMabhida ngaphandle. USihle wayenguMkhuzi we-Operation Butterfly yeMK, amalungu ayo ayetshala amabhomu eThekwini ngeminyaka ye- 1980. Engixoxela ngelinye ilanga uSihle ngoMabhida uthi: “UComrade uBaba (uMabhida), wayengezwani nhlobo nesishimane. Wayekubuza, athi manje ndodana njengoba ngikuthuma ekhaya (eNingizimu Afrika), unayo kodwa intombi ekhaya? Uma ungenantombi kusho ukuthi awuhlelekile, kufanele uqale uzihlele wena. Ngizothi ngiyakuthuma ekhaya, ufike ubophise abantu, ngoba awuhlelekile uma uyisishimane,” kusho uMbongwa (esaphila). I-ANC ibe nengqungquthela ngowezi-1969 eMorogoro, eTanzania.
Kulapho uMabhida anikwa khona umsebenzi wokusungula uPhiko lwezobuNhloli kuMK. Kusukela ngowe-1976 izinkambu zeMK zagcwala, intsha iphuma ngobunngi ezweni ngenxa yezibhelu zaseSoweto. Lapho-ke uMabhida usebenze kakhulu noMnu uS’phiwe “Gebhuza” Nyanda. UGebhuza wayenguMkhuzi weMK eTransvaal ngaleso sikhathi. Usebenzile uMabhida noMnu uS’nuki Zikalala osenguSihlalo we-ANC Veterans League njengamanje. Ngonyaka we-1978, uMabhida wakhethwa waba nguNobhala Jikelele weSACP, engena esikhundleni esabe sishiywe nguMoses Kotane. Usebenze emazweni iLesotho, iSwaziland naseMozambique lapha ashonela khona. Uhlaselwe yisifo sohlangothi eseHavana, uMabhida, ngowe-1985. Ushone mhla ziyisi-8 kuNdasa ngowe-1986. UMnu uJacob Zuma, ephuma eRobben Island, waya ekudingisweni wabekwa ezandleni zikaMabhida.
UZuma uthi umphefumulo ka‘Comrade uBaba’ waphumela phambi kwakhe, embuka kodwa engemsize ngalutho. Wawumkhulu umngcwabo kaMabhida eMaputo, eMozambique, kukhona abangani be-ANC neSACP ababevela emhlabeni wonke. Izinsalela zikaMabhida zilandiwe eMozambique, uMnu uThabo Mbeki esenguMengameli wezwe, zangcwatshwa kabusha emalibeni amaqhawe eMgungundlovu. UNkk uSizakele Mabhida, unkosikazi kaMoses, usanda kushona, wasala yena akayanga ekudingisweni. Inkundla yezemidlalo yodumo eThekwini, eyakhiwe kabusha sekusondele iNdebe YoMhlaba eyaba ngowezi-2010, iqanjwe ngaye uMnu uMoses Mabhida, uMfo kaS’timela, uComrade uBaba!